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Herbs & Supplements

African plum tree
Scientific Name: Pygeum Africanum
Other Names: PAE, Pygeum

References

Andro MC, Riffaud JP. Pygeum africanum extract for the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. A review of 25 years of published experience. Current Therapeutic Research. 1995;56:796-817.

Anon. Prunus africana - stripping away an essential resource. New Agriculturist Online. March 1998. Available at: http://www.new-agri.co.uk/98-3/focuson/focuson9.html. Accessed September 13, 2004.

Anon: Pygeum. In: DerMarderosian A, Beutler JA, eds. Facts and Comparisons: The Review of Natural Products. St. Louis, MO, Facts and Comparisons. January 1998.

Barlet A, Albrecht J, Aubert A, et al. Efficacy of Pygeum africanum extract in the medical therapy of urination disorders due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: evaluation of objective and subjective parameters. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter study. [Article in German] Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift. 1990; 102(22):667-673.

Boulbes D, Soustelle L, Costa P, et al. Pygeum africanum extract inhibits proliferation of human cultured prostatic fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. BJU International. 2006;98(5):1106-1113.

Breza J, Dzurny O, Borowka A, et al. Efficacy and acceptability of tadenan (Pygeum africanum extract) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): a multicentre [sic] trial in central Europe. Current Medical Research and Opinion. 1998;14(3):127-139.

Carani C, Salvioli V, Scuteri A, et al. Urological and sexual evaluation of treatment of benign prostatic disease using Pygeum africanum at high doses. [Article in Italian] Archives Italiennes de Urologie Nefrolgie Andrologie. 1991 Sep;63(3):341-345.

Clark L. Congo Basin Information Series. Issue Brief #10 Non-timber forest products: economics and conservation potential. Central African Regional Program for the Environment. March 2001. Available at: http://carpe.umd.edu/products/carpe_cd_02/CARPE_Briefs/congo_10.html. Accessed September 13, 2004.

Chatelain C, Autet W, Brackman F. Comparison of once and twice daily dosage forms of Pygeum africanum extract in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized, double-blind study, with long-term open label extension. Urology. 1999;54(3):473-478.

Chen MW, Levin RM, Horan P, Buttyan RB. Effects of Unilateral Ischemia on the Contractile Response of the Bladder: Protective Effect of Tadenan (Pygeum africanum Extract). Molecular Urology. 1999;3(1):5-10.

Cristoni A, Di Pierro F, Bombardelli E. Botanical derivatives for the prostate. Fitoterapia. 2000;71(Suppl 1):S21-S28.

Dufour B, Choquenet C, Revol M, Faure G, Jorest R. Controlled study of the effects of Pygeum africanum extract on the functional symptoms of prostatic adenoma. [Article in French] Annales Urologie (Paris). 1984 May;18(3):193-195.

Edgar AD, Levin R, Constantinou CE, Denis L. A critical review of the pharmacology of the plant extract of Pygeum africanum in the treatment of LUTS. Neurourology and Urodynamics. 2007;26(4):458-464.

Flamm J, Kiesswetter H, Englisch M. An urodynamic study of patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy treated conservatively with phytotherapy or testosterone (author's translation) [article in German] Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift. 1979;91(18):622-627.

Gomes CM, Disanto ME, Horan P, Levin RM, Wein AJ, Chacko S. Improved contractility of obstructed bladders after Tadenan treatment is associated with reversal of altered myosin isoform expression. Journal of Urology. 2000;163(6):2008-2013.

Hartmann RW, Mark M, Soldati F. Inhibition of 5 alpha-reductase and aromatase by PHL-00801 (Prostatonin), a combination of PY 102 (Pygeum africanum) and UR 102 (Urtica dioica) extracts. Phytomedicine. 1997;3(2):121-128.

Hutchison A, Farmer R, Verhamme K, Berges R, Navarrete RV. The Efficacy of Drugs for the Treatment of LUTS/BPH, A Study in 6 European Countries. European Urology. Epublished ahead of print June 27, 2006.

Ishani A, MacDonald R, Nelson D, Rutks I, Wilt TJ. Pygeum africanum for the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis. American Journal of Medicine. 2000;109(8):654-664.

Jellin JM, Gregory P, Batz F, Hitchens K, et al, eds. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, 3rd Edition. Stockton CA: Therapeutic Research Facility, 2000.

Joker D. Prunus africana (Hook f.) Kalkman. Danida Forest Seed Centre Seed Leaflet No. 74. May 2003. Available at: http://www.dfsc.dk/pdf/Seedleaflets/prunusafricana_int.pdf. Accessed September 13, 2004.

Levin RM, Das AK. A scientific basis for the therapeutic effects of Pygeum africanum and Serenoa repens. Urology Research. 2000;28(3):201-209.

Lucchetta G, Weill A, Becker N, Clavert A, Bollack C. Reactivation of the secretion from the prostatic gland in cases of reduced fertility. Biological study of seminal fluid modifications. Urology International. 1984;39(4):222-224.

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, Online Edition. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter. Stockton CA: Therapeutic Research Facility, 2006. Available at: http://www.pharmacistsletter.com/(S(ulqz3s45omt3ag55um4kj345))/home.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=ND.

Santa Maria Margalef A, Paciucci Barzanti R, Reventos Puigjaner J, Morote Robles J, Thomson Okatsu TM. Antimitogenic effect of Pygeum africanum extracts on human prostatic cancer cell lines and explants from benign prostatic hyperplasia. [Article in Spanish] Arch Esp Urol. 2003;56(4):369-378.

Schleich S, Papaioannou M, Baniahmad A, Matusch R. Extracts from Pygeum africanum and other ethnobotanical species with antiandrogenic activity. Planta Medica. 2006;72(9):807-813.

Schreckenberg K. Cultivating "cinderella" trees. New Agriculturist Online. March 2001. Available at: http://www.new-agri.co.uk/01-3/develop/dev01.html. Accessed September 13, 2004.

Stewart KM. The African cherry (Prunus africana): can lessons be learned from an over-exploited medicinal tree? Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2003;89(1):3-13.

Yablonsky F, Nicolas V, Riffaud JP, Bellamy F. Antiproliferative effect of Pygeum africanum extract on rat prostatic fibroblasts. Journal of Urology. 1997;157:2881-2887.

Yoshimura Y, Yamaguchi O, Bellamy F, Constantinou CE. Effect of Pygeum africanum tadenan on micturition and prostate growth of the rat secondary to coadministered treatment and post-treatment with dihydrotestosterone. Urology. 2003;61(2):474-478.

Last Revised July 26, 2007

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Note: The above information is not intended to replace the advice of your physician, pharmacist, or other healthcare professional. It is not meant to indicate that the use of the product is safe, appropriate, or effective for you.

In general, herbal products are not subject to review or approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). They are not required to be standardized, meaning that the amounts of active ingredients or contaminants they contain may vary between brands or between different batches of the same brand. Not all of the risks, side effects, or interactions associated with the use of herbal products are known because few reliable studies of their use in humans have been done.

This information is provided for your education only. Please share this information with your healthcare provider and be sure that you talk to your doctor and pharmacist about all the prescription and non-prescription medicines you take before you begin to use any herbal product.

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References